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Snake venom phospholipases A2: a new class of antitumor agents.
Source
Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-Uberlândia-MG, Brazil.
Abstract
Phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)) are enzymes of
high medical scientific interest due to their involvement in a large number of
human inflammatory diseases. PLA(2) constitute a diverse family of enzymes
which catalyses the hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond in glycerophospholipids
and exhibit a wide range of physiological and pathological effects. The
ubiquitous nature of PLA(2) highlights the important role they play in many
biological processes, as cell signaling and cell growth, including the
generation of proinflammatory lipid mediators such as prostaglandin and
leukotrienes, regulation of lipid mediators. The activity and expression of
several PLA(2) isoforms are increased in several human cancers, suggesting that
these enzymes have a central role in both tumor development and progression and
can be targets for anti-cancer drugs. On the other hand, some PLA(2) isolated
from Viperidae venoms are capable to induce antitumoral activity. In summary
PLA(2) from snake venoms can be a new class of anticancer agents and provide
new molecular and biological insights of cancer development.
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