Gambaran Insiden Barah Dunia

Gambaran Insiden Barah Dunia

Cancer Worldwide - the global picture

The variation in cancer incidence and mortality statistics across different regions of the world are presented here. There are also data on cancer burden, common cancers and future trends.

The incidence and mortality statistics presented here for cancers worldwide were taken from the International Agency for Research on Cancer GLOBOCAN database (version 1.2), which presents estimates for 2008 and also the World Health Organisation Global Health Observatory and the United Nations World Population Prospects report.^1-4

Information on the definition of developed regions and developing regions can be found in the demographics section.

On this page:

·         Worldwide cancer map and factsheet

·         Overall cancer burden

·         Common cancers

·         Future trends

·         References

Worldwide cancer map and factsheet

Cancer is a leading cause of disease worldwide and GLOBOCAN estimates that 12.7 million new cancer cases occurred worldwide in 2008.² Lung (1.6 million, 12.7% of the total for men and women), female breast (1.4 million, 10.9% of the total for women), colorectal (1.2 million, 9.7% of the total for men and women) and stomach cancers (1 million, 7.8% of the total for men and women) were the most common, accounting for more than 40% of all cases diagnosed.²

Cancer is also a leading cause of death worldwide and GLOBOCAN estimates that 7.6 million cancer deaths occurred worldwide in 2008.² Lung (1.4 million, 18.2% of the total for men and women), stomach (0.7 million, 9.7% of the total for men and women), liver (0.7 million, 9.2% of the total for men and women), colorectal (0.61 million, 8.1% of the total for men and women) and female breast cancers (0.5 million, 6.1% of the total for women) were the most common causes, accounting for more than half of all cancer deaths.²

The World Cancer Factsheet,¹³ was published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and Cancer Research UK for the World Cancer Leaders’ Summit, August 2012. It presents statistics on the world cancer burden, including incidence, mortality and prevalence. It also includes information on healthy years of life lost and world cancer trends and incidence projections to 2030. World maps are included showing cancer incidence worldwide as a proportion of all cancers and also the most prevalent cancers across the world for males and females. A map showing cancer incidence by Human Development Index (HDI) is also included, as well as listings of the countries in each HDI category.

The World Cancer Factsheet also presents worldwide prevalence data, and estimates that almost 29 million people diagnosed with cancer within the five years previously were alive at the end of 2008. Most of these were persons with diagnoses of breast (females only), colorectal and prostate cancers.¹³ The consequence of the worldwide cancer burden is estimated at 169.3 million years of healthy life being lost globally because of cancer in 2008; colorectal, lung, female breast and prostate cancers being the main contributors to that loss.

Overall cancer burden

An estimated 12.66 million people were diagnosed with cancer across the world in 2008 (Table 1.1).² This equates to around 188 cases for every 100,000 people (using the crude rate). 'Cancer' includes all malignant tumours excluding non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSCs are often excluded from cancer statistics because they are very common and have been shown to be under-ascertained in cancer registration data.

Table 1.1: Population Measures and Cancer Incidence and Mortality, Regions of the World, Estimates Between 2005-2010

	Population			Life Expectancy	Number of New Cancer Cases*		Number of Cancer Deaths*
	2008 Estimates [Total] 2010 Estimates [by Age]			2005-2010 estimates	2008 estimates		2008 estimates
	Total (1000's)	% Under 15	% Over 60	Years	Total	% of World Total	Total	% of World Total
Africa	987,092	40%	5%	54	715,571	6	541,779	7
Eastern Africa	310,570	44%	5%	53	221,076	2	173,676	2
Middle Africa	122,501	45%	5%	48	66,895	1	53,229	1
Northern Africa	205,814	31%	7%	68	164,350	1	120,801	2
Southern Africa	56,936	31%	7%	52	79,179	1	54,818	1
Western Africa	291,270	43%	5%	51	184,071	1	139,255	2
Asia	4,075,309	26%	10%	69	6,092,359	48	4,072,332	54
Eastern Asia	1,546,825	19%	14%	74	3,720,658	29	2,440,351	32
South-Central Asia	1,728,752	31%	7%	64	1,423,213	11	979,914	13
South-Eastern Asia	575,626	27%	9%	70	725,446	6	501,046	7
Western Asia	224,106	32%	7%	71	223,042	2	151,021	2
Europe	731,568	15%	22%	75	3,208,882	25	1,715,240	23
Central and Eastern Europe	293,488	15%	19%	69	983,408	8	626,007	8
Northern Europe	97,918	17%	23%	79	482,080	4	242,422	3
Southern Europe	152,316	15%	24%	80	713,401	6	382,773	5
Western Europe	187,846	16%	24%	80	1,029,993	8	464,038	6
Latin American and Caribbean	576,102	28%	10%	73	906,008	7	542,051	7
Caribbean	41,629	27%	12%	72	79,347	1	47,842	1
Central America	149,580	30%	9%	75	176,564	1	108,328	1
South America	384,892	27%	10%	73	650,097	5	385,881	5
Northern America	345,053	20%	18%	79	1,603,870	13	638,328	8
Oceania	34,937	24%	15%	76	135,864	1	55,072	1
More Developed Regions	1,229,219	17%	22%	77	5,555,281	44	2,744,840	36
Less Developed Regions	5,520,843	29%	9%	66	7,107,273	56	4,819,962	64
World	6,750,062	27%	11%	68	12,662,554	100	7,564,802	100

* All cancers excluding non-melanoma skin cancer. Kaposi sarcoma is included for Sub-Saharan Africa countries only.

·         Download this table

The number of new cases ranged from 67,000 in Middle Africa to 3.72 million in Eastern Asia. As expected from the size of Asia’s population, the majority of cases (48%) occurred there.^2,4

Cancer was estimated to account for around 14% of all deaths (due to any cause) worldwide in 2008.^2,6 This varied four-fold across the regions of the world, from 5% in Africa to 21% in Western Pacific (Figure 1.1). In the UK, more than a quarter (27%) of all deaths were reported to be due to cancer in 2008.^7-9

Percentage of all Deaths Due to Cancer, World Health Organisation (WHO) Regions of the World, 2008 Estimates. An estimated 7.56 million people died from cancer across the world in 2008.

Common cancers

Just four cancer sites – lung, female breast, colorectum (including anus) and stomach – accounted for two-fifths (41%) of the world’s total cancer diagnoses in 2008 (Figure 1.2).² The most common cancer sites in the UK are breast, lung, colorectum and prostate; together, these sites accounted for more than half (54%) of the UK's total in 2008

Cancer incidence worldwide is more than a fifth higher in men than in women, with World age-standardised incidence rates of 204 and 165 per 100,000, respectively, in 2008. ^2,5 Male incidence rates vary almost four-fold across the different regions of the world; in 2008, rates ranged from 88 per 100,000 in Middle Africa to 334 and 335 per 100,000 in Northern America and Western Europe, respectively.

There is slightly less variation in female incidence rates across the different regions of the world (almost three-fold); in 2008, rates ranged from 97 per 100,000 in Middle Africa to 274 per 100,000 in Northern America. The countries with the highest incidence rates in 2008 were France and Australia in males (both 361 per 100,000), and Denmark (325 per 100,000) in females. The UK was 33rd highest out of 184 countries worldwide for males and 12th highest for females.²

The four most common sites of cancer death – lung, stomach, liver and colorectum – accounted for 45% of the world’s total cancer mortality.² The most common causes of cancer death in the UK are lung, colorectum, breast and prostate; together these sites accounted for almost half (47%) of the UK’s total in 2008.

Future trends

As the world’s population continues to grow and age, the burden of cancer will inevitably increase, even if current incidence rates remain the same. More than half of all cancers worldwide are already diagnosed in the developing countries, and without intervention this proportion is predicted to rise in the coming decades.¹

It is estimated there will be almost 22.2 million new cases diagnosed annually worldwide by 2030. These projections are based on demographic changes in populations using UN figures along with crude assumptions about the likely trends in incidence rates for six cancers. Further details are available in the World Cancer factsheet.¹⁴

Based solely on current estimated mortality rates for 2008 and population projections, it is estimated there will be over 13.2 million deaths from cancer.²

In 2008, the World Health Organisation (WHO) identified cancer as one of the four leading threats to human health and development (along with cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes).¹⁰ The WHO states that the global burden of cancer can be reduced and controlled by implementing three evidence-based strategies: preventing cancer from occurring in the first place, detecting cancer earlier and managing patients with cancer.¹¹

In September 2011, the United Nations General Assembly held a high-level meeting on non-communicable diseases to address the threat posed to low- and middle-income countries.¹² While it is clear that tackling cancer worldwide will remain one of the major challenges in the 21st century, this high-level meeting will finally put cancer on the global agenda, providing the biggest and best opportunity to drive forward major change in this area.

http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/data/geographic.htm

Geographic Variations in US

Geographic variations are presented for the four most common cancers.

Note: The rates mentioned are per 100,000 people in the United States. Incidence data for the Midwest U.S. Census region are not available.

Female Breast Cancer

·         The incidence rate for the United States is 123.1.
Incidence rates are highest in the Northeast U.S. Census region (130.0), followed by the West (123.6) and South (119.6).

·         The death rate for the United States is 22.2.
Death rates are highest in the Midwest, Northeast, and South U.S. Census regions (22.4), followed by the West (21.4).

Prostate Cancer

·         The incidence rate for the United States is 137.7.
Incidence rates are highest in the Northeast U.S. Census region (147.8), followed by the South (136.6) and West (130.8).

·         The death rate for the United States is 22.0.
Death rates are highest in the Midwest U.S. Census region (22.6), followed by the West (22.2), South (21.9), and Northeast (21.3).

Lung Cancer

Men

·         The incidence rate for the United States is 78.2.
Incidence rates are highest in the South U.S. Census region (86.6), followed by the Northeast (77.1) and West (61.0).

·         The death rate for the United States is 62.0.
Death rates are highest in the South U.S. Census region (69.7), followed by the Midwest (67.1), Northeast (57.0), and West (48.1).

Women

·         The incidence rate for the United States is 54.1.
Incidence rates are highest in the Northeast U.S. Census region (56.8), followed by the South (55.1) and West (46.4).

·         The death rate for the United States is 38.6.
Death rates are highest in the Midwest U.S. Census region (41.7), followed by the South (40.2), Northeast (37.6), and West (33.3).

Colorectal (Colon) Cancer

Men

·         The incidence rate for the United States is 49.2.
Incidence rates are highest in the Northeast U.S. Census region (50.9), followed by the South (49.0) and West (46.2).

·         The death rate for the United States is 19.1.
Death rates are highest in the Midwest U.S. Census region (20.1), followed by the South (19.6), Northeast (19.3), and West (17.1).

Women

·         The incidence rate for the United States is 37.1.
Incidence rates are highest in the Northeast U.S. Census region (38.7), followed by the South (36.5) and West (35.0).

·         The death rate for the United States is 13.1.
Death rates are highest in the Midwest U.S. Census region (13.6), followed by the Northeast and South (13.3), and West (12.2).

Source: U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group. United States Cancer Statistics: 1999–2009 Incidence and Mortality Web-based Report. Atlanta (GA): Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Cancer Institute; 2013. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/uscs.

Cancer rates: see how countries compare worldwide

http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2011/jan/24/worldwide-cancer-rates-uk-rate-drops

UK cancer rates have dropped, but how do we compare to countries worldwide?
• Get the data

Denmark has topped the highest overall cancer rate in a world ranking of cancer cases by the World Cancer Research Foundation.
James Meikle writes today:

"Decades of warnings about the dangers of smoking appear to be having an effect, with the UK placed a relatively low 22nd in a world league of highest cancer rates."

The rankings, published today, have placed the UK male rate at 33rd in the world with 280 cases per 100,000 people. Female cancer rates in the UK are however 12th highest with a reported 260.5 cases per 100,000.

Denmark has been ranked with having the highest female and overall cancer rate although the highest male rate has been recorded in France.

WCRF state that the highest rates have been noted in 'high-income countries' and put this down to a variety of reasons; "This is likely to be partly because high-income countries are better at diagnosing and recording new cases of cancer. But a large part of the reason is also that high-income countries tend to have higher levels of obesity and alcohol consumption, and lower levels of physical activity."

The latest figures are adjusted, taking age into account to allow a comparison with the world's population. This is done because cancer is more common in older people, and countries with an ageing population thus tend to have higher rates.

Recently we published mortality statistics for England and Wales including figures for cancer. How do they compare with these latest statistics?

We have put together the rankings into a spreadsheet to download along with the rankings of female breast cancer worldwide. What can you do with this data?

Data summary

All cancer rates by country - cases per 100,000 people Click headings to sort
Ignore	Country	Overall rate	Male rate	Female rate
SOURCE: WCRF.ORG
1	Denmark	326.1	334.7	325.3
2	Ireland	317	355.9	285.1
3	Australia	314.1	360.5	274.4
4	New Zealand	309.2	337.6	287.1
5	Belgium	306.8	351.3	275.7
6	France (metropolitan)	300.4	360.6	254.9
7	USA	300.2	335	274.4
8	Norway	299.1	338.4	270.3
9	Canada	296.6	325.9	275
10	Czech Republic	295	348.8	259.1
11	Israel	288.3	303.7	280.4
12	The Netherlands	286.8	306.3	276.5
13	Luxembourg	284	324	254.4
14	Hungary	282.9	352.3	235.6
15	Iceland	282.2	305.5	265.6
16	Germany	282.1	330.7	245.7
17	Uruguay	280.3	354.4	230.7
18	Italy	274.3	310	251.6
19	French Polynesia	269.6	289.7	256.8
20	Switzerland	269.3	313.2	236
21	Slovenia	267.9	319.6	232.9
22	United Kingdom	266.9	280	260.5
23	Croatia	263.1	315	229.3
24	Republic of Korea	262.4	309.4	234.4
25	Slovakia	260.6	320.2	223.4
26	Sweden	252.1	269.6	241.2
27	Finland	249.8	271.3	239.8
28	Lithuania	244.4	316.5	207.8
29	Chinese Taipei	244.1	282.3	208.5
30	Mongolia	242.2	281.5	210.8
31	Spain	241.4	309.9	187
32	France (Martinique)	234.9	315.4
33	Austria	232.7	275.4	200.6
34	Estonia	230.4	285.7	203.7
35	Latvia	230.4	304	193.4
36	FYR Macedonia	225.1	262.1	196.5
37	Bulgaria	224.7	252.9	206.6
38	Portugal	223.2	266.8	190.8
39	Poland	222.9	280.5	185.5
40	Serbia	218.9	238.5	205.2
41	New Caledonia	218.5		208.4
42	Belarus	213.1	269	186.7
43	Malta	211.4		199.7
44	Barbados	207.9	251.3	189.1
45	Armenia	207.5	260.4
46	Argentina	206.2		193
47	Romania	205.1	240.6
48	Montenegro	204.3		185.2
49	Albania	202.8		196.6
50	South African Republic	202	254.8
51	Japan		247.3
52	Russian Federation		247.1
53	France (Guadeloupe)		245.9
54	France (La Reunion)		252.9
55	Puerto Rico		253.6
56	Honduras			181.6
57	Jamaica			205.1
58	Uganda			186.8
59	Singapore			188.4

Home Cancer statistics Worldwide

Worldwide

Here you can find information about world cancer statistics for the most common cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) in 2008, the latest year available.

There were an estimated 12.7 million cancer cases around the world in 2008, of these 6.6 million cases were in men and 6.0 million in women. This number is expected to increase to 21 million by 2030.

This growing cancer burden, within the overall context of NCDs, was a key focus of the September 2011 UN High Level Meeting on NCDs.

• Both sexes
• Men
• Women

Both sexes

• Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide contributing nearly 13% of the total number of new cases diagnosed in 2008.
• Breast cancer (women only) is the second most common cancer with nearly 1.4 million new cases in 2008.
• Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer with over 1.2 million new cases in 2008.

•  

Rank	Cancer	New cases diagnosed in 2008 (1,000s)	Per cent of all cancers (excl. non-melanoma skin cancer)
1	Lung	1608	12.7
2	Breast	1384	10.9
3	Colorectum	1235	9.8
4	Stomach	989	7.8
5	Prostate	899	7.1
6	Liver	750	5.9
7	Cervix uteri	530	4.2
8	Oesophagus	482	3.8
9	Bladder	383	3.0
10	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	356	2.8
11	Leukaemia	350	2.8
12	Corpus uteri (endometrium)	288	2.3
13	Pancreas	279	2.2
14	Kidney	274	2.2
15	Lip, oral cavity	263	2.1
16	Brain, nervous system	238	1.9
17	Ovary	225	1.8
18	Thyroid	213	1.7
19	Melanoma of skin	200	1.6
20	Larynx	151	1.2
21	Gallbladder	145	1.1
22	Other pharynx	137	1.1
23	Multiple myeloma	103	0.8
24	Nasopharynx	84	0.7
25	Hodgkin lymphoma	68	0.5
26	Testis	52	0.4

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Men

• Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide in men contributing more than 16% of the total number of new cases diagnosed in 2008.
• The top three, lung, prostate and colorectal cancers, contribute about 40% of all cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer).
• Other common cancers contributing more than 5% are stomach and liver.

Rank	Cancer	New cases diagnosed in 2008 (1,000s)	Per cent of all cancers (excl. non-melanoma skin cancer)
1	Lung	1092	16.5
2	Prostate	899	13.6
3	Colorectum	664	10.0
4	Stomach	640	9.7
5	Liver	523	7.9
6	Oesophagus	326	4.9
7	Bladder	294	4.4
8	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	200	3.0
9	Leukaemia	195	3.0
10	Lip, oral cavity	170	2.6
11	Kidney	169	2.6
12	Pancreas	145	2.2
13	Larynx	130	2.0
14	Brain, nervous system	127	1.9
15	Other pharynx	109	1.6
16	Melanoma of skin	102	1.5
17	Gallbladder	58	0.9
18	Nasopharynx	58	0.9
19	Multiple myeloma	55	0.8
20	Testis	52	0.8
21	Thyroid	49	0.7
22	Hodgkin lymphoma	40	0.6

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Women

• Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide in women contributing nearly 23% of the total number of new cases diagnosed in 2008.
• The top three, breast, colorectal and cervical cancers, contribute more than 40% of all cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer).
• Other common cancers contributing more than 5% are lung and stomach.

Rank	Cancer	New cases diagnosed in 2008 (1,000s)	Per cent of all cancers (excl. non-melanoma skin cancer)
1	Breast	1384	22.9
2	Colorectum	571	9.4
3	Cervix uteri	530	8.8
4	Lung	516	8.5
5	Stomach	349	5.8
6	Corpus uteri (endometrium)	288	4.8
7	Liver	226	3.7
8	Ovary	225	3.7
9	Thyroid	164	2.7
10	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	157	2.6
11	Oesophagus	155	2.6
12	Leukaemia	155	2.6
13	Pancreas	134	2.2
14	Brain, nervous system	111	1.8
15	Kidney	104	1.7
16	Melanoma of skin	98	1.6
17	Lip, oral cavity	93	1.5
18	Bladder	88	1.5
19	Gallbladder	87	1.4
20	Multiple myeloma	48	0.8
21	Other pharynx	28	0.5
22	Hodgkin lymphoma	28	0.5
23	Nasopharynx	27	0.4
24	Larynx	21	0.3

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Home Cancer statistics Data for cancer frequency by country

Data for cancer frequency by country

This page presents the age-standardised rate for all cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) ordered by the countries with the 50 highest rates.

The age-standardised rate for all cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) for men and women combined is 182 per 100,000. The rate is higher for men (204 per 100,000) than women (165 per 100,000).

• Both sexes
• Men
• Women

Both sexes

• The highest cancer rate for men and women together is found in Denmark with 326 people per 100,000 being diagnosed in 2008.
• The age-standardised rate was at least 300 per 100,000 for Denmark, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, France and United States of America.
• The countries in the top ten come from Europe, Oceania and North America.

Rank	Country	Age-Standardised Rate per 100,000 (World)
1	Denmark	326.1
2	Ireland	317.0
3	Australia	314.1
4	New Zealand	309.2
5	Belgium	306.8
6	France (metropolitan)	300.4
7	United States of America	300.2
8	Norway	299.1
9	Canada	296.6
10	Czech Republic	295.0
11	Israel	288.3
12	The Netherlands	286.8
13	Luxembourg	284.0
14	Hungary	282.9
15	Iceland	282.2
16	Germany	282.1
17	Uruguay	280.3
18	Italy	274.3
19	French Polynesia	269.6
20	Switzerland	269.3
21	Slovenia	267.9
22	United Kingdom	266.9
23	Croatia	263.1
24	Korea, Republic of	262.4
25	Slovakia	260.6
26	Sweden	252.1
27	Finland	249.8
28	Lithuania	244.4
29	Chinese Taipei	244.1
30	Mongolia	242.2
31	Spain	241.4
32	France, Martinique	234.9
33	Austria	232.7
34	Estonia	230.4
34	Latvia	230.4
36	FYR Macedonia	225.1
37	Bulgaria	224.7
38	Portugal	223.2
39	Poland	222.9
40	Serbia	218.9
41	New Caledonia	218.5
42	Belarus	213.1
43	Malta	211.4
44	Barbados	207.9
45	Armenia	207.5
46	Argentina	206.2
47	Romania	205.1
48	Montenegro	204.3
49	Albania	202.8
50	South African Republic	202.0

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Men

• The highest cancer rate is found in France with 361 people per 100,000 being diagnosed in 2008.
• The age-standardised rate was at least 350 per 100,000 for France, Australia, Ireland, Uruguay, Hungary and Belgium.
• The countries in the top ten come from Europe, Oceania and the Americas.

Rank	Country	Age-Standardised Rate per 100,000 (World)
1	France (metropolitan)	360.6
2	Australia	360.5
3	Ireland	355.9
4	Uruguay	354.4
5	Hungary	352.3
6	Belgium	351.3
7	Czech Republic	348.8
8	Norway	338.4
9	New Zealand	337.6
10	United States of America	335.0
11	Denmark	334.7
12	Germany	330.7
13	Canada	325.9
14	Luxembourg	324.0
15	Slovakia	320.2
16	Slovenia	319.6
17	Lithuania	316.5
18	France, Martinique	315.4
19	Croatia	315.0
20	Switzerland	313.2
21	Italy	310.0
22	Spain	309.9
23	Korea, Republic of	309.4
24	The Netherlands	306.3
25	Iceland	305.5
26	Latvia	304.0
27	Israel	303.7
28	French Polynesia	289.7
29	Estonia	285.7
30	Chinese Taipei	282.3
31	Mongolia	281.5
32	Poland	280.5
33	United Kingdom	280.0
34	Austria	275.4
35	Finland	271.3
36	Sweden	269.6
37	Belarus	269.0
38	Portugal	266.8
39	FYR Macedonia	262.1
40	Armenia	260.4
41	South African Republic	254.8
42	Puerto Rico	253.6
43	Bulgaria	252.9
43	France, La Reunion	252.9
45	Barbados	251.3
46	Japan	247.3
47	Russian Federation	247.1
48	France, Guadeloupe	245.9
49	Romania	240.6
50	Serbia	238.5

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Women

• The highest cancer rate is found in Denmark with 325 people per 100,000 being diagnosed in 2008.
• The age-standardised rate was at least 280 per 100,000 for Denmark, New Zealand, Ireland and Israel.
• The countries in the top ten come from Europe, Oceania, Asia and North America.

Rank	Country	Age-Standardised Rate per 100,000 (World)
1	Denmark	325.3
2	New Zealand	287.1
3	Ireland	285.1
4	Israel	280.4
5	The Netherlands	276.5
6	Belgium	275.7
7	Canada	275.0
8	Australia	274.4
8	United States of America	274.4
10	Norway	270.3
11	Iceland	265.6
12	United Kingdom	260.5
13	Czech Republic	259.1
14	French Polynesia	256.8
15	France (metropolitan)	254.9
16	Luxembourg	254.4
17	Italy	251.6
18	Germany	245.7
19	Sweden	241.2
20	Finland	239.8
21	Switzerland	236.0
22	Hungary	235.6
23	Korea, Republic of	234.4
24	Slovenia	232.9
25	Uruguay	230.7
26	Croatia	229.3
27	Slovakia	223.4
28	Mongolia	210.8
29	Chinese Taipei	208.5
30	New Caledonia	208.4
31	Lithuania	207.8
32	Bulgaria	206.6
33	Serbia	205.2
34	Jamaica	205.1
35	Estonia	203.7
36	Austria	200.6
37	Malta	199.7
38	Albania	196.6
39	FYR Macedonia	196.5
40	Latvia	193.4
41	Argentina	193.0
42	Portugal	190.8
43	Barbados	189.1
44	Singapore	188.4
45	Spain	187.0
46	Uganda	186.8
47	Belarus	186.7
48	Poland	185.5
49	Montenegro	185.2
50	Honduras	181.6

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Home Cancer statistics Data on specific cancers

Data on specific cancers

This section presents the top 20 countries with the highest age-standardised rates for the eight most common cancers worldwide.

Feature on Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer is the 13th most common cancer in the world, with 280,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008. The updated SLR and report from the Continuous Update Project on pancreatic cancer has been published.

WCRF infographic on pancreatic cancer

View online or download and print.

Lung cancer

Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world, with 1.61 million new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Breast cancer

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer, with 1.38 million new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer, with 1.23 million new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Stomach cancer

Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer, with 989,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the fifth most common cancer, with 899,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Liver cancer

Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world, with 750,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is the seventh most common cancer, with 530,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Oesophageal cancer

Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer, with 482,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Bladder cancer

Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer, with 383,000 diagnosed in 2008.

Kidney cancer

Here we feature less common cancers. Kidney cancer is the 14th most common cancer, with 274,000 new cases diagnosed in 2008.

Home Cancer statistics Data comparing more and less developed countries

Data comparing more and less developed countries

Here you can find out more about differences in age-standardised rates of cancer between more and less developed countries. Although cancer is often considered to be more of a developed world issue, in fact 56 per cent of all cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) occur in less developed countries and 44 per cent in more developed countries.
Overall the age-standardised cancer rate (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) is higher in more developed countries. There were 255 cases of cancer diagnosed per 100,000 in more developed regions, compared to 149 in less developed regions in 2008.

• Both sexes
• Men
• Women

Both sexes

• The rate for all cancers (for cancers that occur in men and women) was 1.7 times higher in more developed compared with less developed countries.
• For melanoma of the skin, kidney cancer and multiple myeloma rates were more than three times higher in more developed compared with less developed countries.
• For nasopharyngeal cancer the rate was nearly four times higher in less developed than more developed countries.

	Age-Standardised Rate per 100,000 (World)
Cancer	WORLD	More Developed	Less Developed
Lung	23.0	31.3	19.1
Colorectum	17.3	30.1	10.7
Stomach	14.1	11.4	15.3
Liver	10.8	5.2	13.1
Oesophagus	7.0	3.6	8.7
Bladder	5.3	9.1	3.3
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	5.1	8.6	3.5
Leukaemia	5.0	7.3	4.0
Kidney	4.0	8.6	1.9
Pancreas	3.9	6.8	2.4
Lip, oral cavity	3.8	4.4	3.6
Brain, nervous system	3.5	5.1	3.0
Thyroid	3.1	6.1	2.2
Melanoma of skin	2.8	9.0	0.6
Larynx	2.2	2.8	2.0
Other pharynx	2.0	2.5	1.9
Gallbladder	2.0	2.2	1.8
Multiple myeloma	1.4	2.7	0.8
Nasopharynx	1.2	0.4	1.5
Hodgkin lymphoma	1.0	2.0	0.7
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	181.6	255.8	147.8

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Men

• The rate for all cancers was 1.9 times higher in more developed compared with less developed countries.
• Cancer rates were at least three times higher in more developed than less developed countries for cancers of the prostate, colorectum, bladder, kidney, pancreas and testis, multiple myeloma and melanoma of the skin.
• Higher cancer rates were observed in less developed compared with more developed countries for cancers of the stomach, liver, oesophagus and nasopharynx.

	Age-Standardised Rate per 100,000 (World)
Cancer	WORLD	More Developed	Less Developed
Lung	33.9	47.1	27.8
Prostate	28.0	61.7	12.0
Colorectum	20.4	37.7	12.1
Stomach	19.8	16.7	21.1
Liver	16.0	8.2	18.9
Oesophagus	10.2	6.5	11.8
Bladder	9.0	16.3	5.4
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	6.1	10.3	4.2
Leukaemia	5.9	9.0	4.5
Lip, oral cavity	5.3	6.8	4.6
Kidney	5.2	11.9	2.5
Pancreas	4.5	8.3	2.7
Larynx	4.1	5.4	3.5
Brain, nervous system	3.8	5.8	3.2
Other pharynx	3.4	4.5	3.0
Melanoma of skin	3.1	9.6	0.7
Gallbladder	1.8	2.3	1.4
Nasopharynx	1.7	0.6	2.1
Multiple myeloma	1.7	3.3	0.9
Testis	1.5	4.6	0.8
Thyroid	1.5	2.9	1.0
Hodgkin lymphoma	1.2	2.2	0.9
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	203.8	299.2	160.3

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Women

• The rate for all cancers was 1.6 times higher in more developed compared with less developed countries.
• Cancer rates were at least three times higher in more developed than less developed countries for kidney cancer, multiple myeloma, melanoma of the skin and Hodgkins lymphoma.
• Higher cancer rates were observed in less developed compared with more developed countries for cancers of the cervix, stomach, liver, oesophagus, lip and oral cavity, gallbladder and nasopharynx.

	Age-Standardised Rate per 100,000 (World)
Cancer	WORLD	More Developed	Less Developed
Breast	39.0	66.4	27.3
Cervix uteri	15.3	9.1	17.8
Colorectum	14.7	24.3	9.5
Lung	13.6	18.8	11.1
Stomach	9.1	7.3	10.0
Corpus uteri	8.2	13.0	5.9
Ovary	6.3	9.3	5.0
Liver	6.0	2.7	7.6
Thyroid	4.7	9.2	3.4
Leukaemia	4.3	5.9	3.6
Oesophagus	4.2	1.2	5.7
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	4.2	7.1	2.8
Pancreas	3.3	5.5	2.1
Brain, nervous system	3.2	4.4	2.8
Kidney	2.8	5.9	1.4
Melanoma of skin	2.7	8.7	0.6
Lip, oral cavity	2.5	2.3	2.6
Gallbladder	2.2	2.1	2.2
Bladder	2.2	3.6	1.4
Multiple myeloma	1.2	2.2	0.7
Nasopharynx	0.8	0.2	1
Other pharynx	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hodgkin lymphoma	0.8	1.9	0.5
Larynx	0.6	0.6	0.6
All cancers excl. non-melanoma skin cancer	165.1	226.3	138.0

Source: GLOBOCAN 2008 database (version 1.2) http://globocan.iarc.fr

Home Cancer statistics Cancer facts and figures

Cancer facts and figures

Greatest burden of pancreatic cancer found in developed countries

Cancer of the pancreas is the thirteenth most common type of cancer worldwide. About 280,000 cases were recorded in 2008.

Lung cancer - the most common cancer in the world

Cancer of the lung is the most common cancer in the world, and has been for decades. In 2008, it represented 12.7% of all new cancers with an estimated 1.61 million new cases.

Cervical cancer - third most common cancer in women

Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women, accounting for 9% of all female cancers, and 9% of all cancer deaths in women.

Spotlight on salt reduction initiatives worldwide

Salt is necessary for human health and life itself, but at levels very much lower than those typically consumed in most parts of the world.

Kidney cancer - rates lowest in developing countries

Kidney cancer is the 10th most common cancer worldwide. About 270,000 cases were recorded in 2008.

Meat consumption patterns – highest in industrialised countries

Annual meat production is predicted to rise from a level of 218 million tonnes recorded in 1999 to 376 million tonnes by 2030.

Nearly one third of adults are not physically active enough worldwide

There is convincing evidence that being physically active protects against colon cancer and also against becoming overweight or obesity.

Liver cancer highest in Eastern Asia

Liver cancer was diagnosed in about 750,000 people worldwide in 2008. This accounted for about 6% of the total number of cases of cancer in 2008. About 85% of the cases were in developing countries. The age standardised rate of this cancer in men was more than double that in women (16 vs. 6 per 100,000 population).

Bladder cancer is six times more common in Northern America than Central America

Bladder cancer was diagnosed in about 380,000 people worldwide in 2008. This accounted for about 3% of the total number of cases of cancer in 2008. Bladder cancer is predominantly a disease of high income countries. The age standardised rate of bladder cancer was about four times higher in men compared with women (9 vs. 2 per 100,000 population).

Oesophageal cancer risk highest in South Africa

Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. There are two types of oesophageal cancer adenocarcinoma and sqamous cell carcinoma.

People in Europe consume the most alcohol

More alcohol is consumed in Europe than other parts of the world. The top five countries with the highest consumption were all in Europe (Estonia, Czech Republic, Ireland, France and Andorra).

Stomach cancer most common in Eastern Asia

Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide. Around one million cases of stomach cancer were recorded in 2008, accounting for around 8 per cent of all new cancer cases. It is predicted that the number of cases will rise to 1.7 million by 2030. Age-standardised incidence rates are about twice as high in men as in women.

Bowel cancer rates

Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. Around 1.2 million cases of bowel cancer were recorded in 2008, accounting for around 10 per cent of all new cancer cases. It is predicted that the number of cases will rise to 2.2 million by 2030.

Nearly 1.4 million women worldwide diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008

Nearly 1.4 million cases of breast cancer were diagnosed across the world in 2008, compared with about 500 000 cases in 1975. This represents about 11% of all new cancer cases and 23% of all female cancers. It is predicted that the number of cases will rise to 2.1 million by 2030.

The incidence of prostate cancer is 25 times higher in Australia and New Zealand then in South-Central Asia

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Around 910 000 cases of prostate cancer were recorded in 2008, accounting for around 14 per cent of all new cancer cases in men. It is predicted that the number of cases will almost double (1.7 million) by 2030.

Rate of overweight in children under 5 years more than 20 per cent in some European countries

In 2007, an estimated 22 million children under the age of 5 were overweight throughout the world. More than 75 per cent of overweight and obese children live in low- and middle-income countries.

South-East Asia breastfeeding rate

South-East Asia has the highest rate of exclusive breastfeeding for six months.

Home Cancer Research World cancer statistics Bowel cancer

World cancer statistics: Bowel cancer

This section lists the 50 countries with the highest bowel cancer rates in the world.
Slovakia has the highest rate of bowel cancer in the world. The UK has the 23rd highest bowel cancer rate and every year 30.8 of every 100,000 people in the UK develop bowel cancer.
Scientists estimate about 47% of bowel cancer cases in the UK could be prevented through eating more foods containing fibre, eating less red and processed meat, drinking less alcohol, being physically active and maintaining a healthy weight.
You can find out more by downloadingReducing Your Risk of Bowel Cancer.

Rank	Country	Cases per 100,000 people
1	Slovakia	42.1
2	Hungary	41.2
3	New Zealand	40.5
4	Israel	40.4
5	Czech Republic	39.2
6	Australia	38.7
7	The Netherlands	38.3
8	Canada	38.1
9	Norway	38.0
10	Denmark	37.8
11	Italy	36.5
12	Belgium	36.1
12	Ireland	36.1
14	Germany	35.5
15	Republic of Korea	35.2
16	Slovenia	34.6
17	Chinese Taipei	34.8
18	Singapore	34.6
19	Luxembourg	32.9
20	Croatia	32.8
21	Japan	31.5
22	Portugal	31.4
23	UK	30.8
24	Spain	30.4
25	Bulgaria	29.9
26	France (Metropolitan)	29.4
27	USA	29.2
28	Sweden	28.1
29	Uruguay	27.9
30	Serbia	27.0
31	Iceland	26.8
32	Brunei	26.7
33	Austria	26.1
34	Malta	26.0
35	Switzerland	25.9
36	Estonia	25.4
37	Republic of Moldovia	25.1
38	Lithuania	24.8
39	Poland	24.5
40	FYR Macedonia	24.2
41	Finland	23.8
41	Russian Federation	23.8
43	Belarus	23.7
44	Ukraine	23.3
45	Latvia	23.2
46	Romania	22.8
47	Guam	22.4
48	France (La Reunion)	22.2
48	Barbados	22.2
50	Argentina	20.4

Find out how the UK ranks in other world cancer league tables.

Problem: Kenapa tiada statistik kanser di Malaysia? Kenapakah kadar kejadian kanser di Malaysia disembunyikan? Bukankah telah banyak manusia mati akibat kanser di Malaysia?